Abstract
The grafting of acrylic acid in aqueous solution to polyvinyl chloride fibers tab been studied in the presence of ferrous, ferric, and cupric salts, The mutual irradiation technique was adopted using a Co-60 source or a Van do Graaff accelerator. The grafting and homopolymerization were suppressed by the cations. Particularly the grafting was suppressed by the cations in the following order of effectiveness : $Cu^{2+}$>$Fe^{2+}$>$Cu^{3+}$. The rate of grafting (in %/hr) was proportional to the 0.76th power of the dose rate over the range from 8.5f $10^3$ rad/hr to $1.4\times10^5$ rad/dr. The apparent activation energy for the grafting was determined to be 6.1 Kcal/mole between $25^{\circ}$ and $75^{\circ}C$ for the mixture of AA-HaO-$(CH_2Cl)_2$, containing Mohr's salt, $4\times10^{-3}$ mole/l. The increase of the grafting was observed when total dose and dose intensity were raised, or when ethylene dichloride as a swelling agent was saturated in the monomer mixture. The grafted polyvinyl chloride fibers showed considerable improvement in moisture regain, heat shrinkage, and melting properties, but tensile properties were not significantly affected by grafting.
Polyvinyl Chloride 섬유에 Acrylic acid (AA)를 방사선을 이용하여 Graft 중합 반응시킬 때 Homopolymer의 방지제인 Ferrous, Ferric, Cupric salt을 첨가시켰다. 방사선 선원으로서는 Co-60의 ${\gamma}$-선 또는 Van de Graaff 가속기를 사용하였으며 조사방법으로는 상호조사법을 이용하였다. Graft 중합반응과 Homopolymerization은 반응계에 첨가시킨 Cation에 의해서 영향을 받았으며 그 효율은 $Cu^{2+}$>$Fe^{2+}$>$Fe^{3+}$의 순서였다. Graft 중합반응속도는 방사선 선량율이 $8.5\times10^3$부터 $1.4\times10^{5}$rad/hr 사이에서 선량율의 0.76중에 비례하였고, Craft 중합반응에 대한 활성화 에너지는 $25^{\circ}$부터 $75^{\circ}C$ 사이에서 6.1 Kcal/mole이었다. 이 때 중합반응 용액은 AA-$H_2O$-$(CH_2Cl)_2$로서 Homopolymer inhibitor의 농도는 $4\times10^{-3}$ mole/1이었다. Graft율은 총선량과 선량율이 클 때 증가하였거나 또는 Polymer 팽윤제인 Ethylene dichloride가 monomer 혼합용액과 포화되었을 때 증가되었다. Acrylic acid가 Craft된 Polyvinyl Chloride 섬유는 흡습율, 열수축성, 용융성이 크게 증진되었고 Tensile properties는 original과 별차이를 나타내지 않았다.