고추에서 분리(分離)한 미생물(微生物)의 발육(發育)과 Capsaicin의 분해(分解)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)

Studies on the growth of fungi isolated from red pepper fruits and decomposition of capsaicin

고추의 저장중에 미생물 오염에 의해서 일어나는 신미성분(辛味成分)의 변화에 대하여 검토하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. capsaicin이 함유된 배지에서 생육이 강하고 분해력(分解力)이 강한 우수균주로서 Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillus sp. KF-7 를 오염된 고추로 부터 얻었다. 2. 건조균체량(乾燥菌體量)은 capsaicin의 농도가 $2{\sim}3{\mu}g/ml$일 때는 약간 증가하였지만 농도가 높아지면 감소하였다. 3. 배지중에 첨가한 capsaicin은 일주일 후에는 반으로 감소되고 2주일 후에는 거의 소실되었고 $30^{\circ}C$의 온도, 그리고 $pH\;7{\sim}9$일 때에 분해 소실되는 양(量)이 가장 많았다. 4. 고추분말로 된 고체배지에서 Aspergillus sp. KF-7은 거의 생육하지 못하였고 Aspergillus oryzae는 수분함량이 13%일때 가장 잘 생육하였으며 배양 40일 후에는 capsaicin의 잔존률(殘存率)이 45%가 되었다. 5. 고추씨로 된 고체배지에서 두 균주가 생육하여 배양 4주(週) 후에는 각각 55%, 38%의 capsaicin잔존률(殘存率)을 나타내었다.

To explain the change of the pungent principles of red pepper, capsaicin, during storage, the relation between infecting mold and capsaicin was studied. Results obtained were summarized as follows; 1. Superior strains which showed good growth and high decomposition activity in their culture broths, Aspergillus oryzae and Aspergillus sp. KF-7 were obtained from the contaminated red pepper fruits. 2. The weight of dry matter was increased at low concentration of capsaicin $(2{\sim}3{\mu}g/ml)$ but it was decreased at high concentration. 3. The residual capsaicin in the culture medium was reduced as half as such after 1 week, and almost disappeared after 2 weeks. At $30^{\circ}C$ and $pH\;7{\sim}9$ of culturing condition, the amounts of reducing capsaicin reached to the maximum. 4. At ground red pepper fruits as culture medium, Aspergillus sp. KF-7 could not glow at all, but Aspergillus oryzae showed good growth at 13% of moisture contents and the residual of capsaicin of red pepper fruits after 40days of cultivation time was 45%. 5. At ground red pepper fruits seed as culture medium, Aspergillus oryzae and Aspergillus sp. KF-7 showed good growth, and the residual of capsaicin after 4 weeks of cultivation time was 55% and 38% respectively.