Studies on the plant character of high productive paddy in connection with cations (Ca, Mg, K) content in flag leaves and soil conditions

지엽중(止葉中)의 염기함량(鹽基含量)으로본 고위수량(高位收量)벼의 특성(特性)과 토양(土壤) 조건(條件)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)

  • Oh, Wang Keun (The City College of Seoul and Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Hwang, Young Soo (The City College of Seoul and Institute of Agricultural Sciences)
  • 오왕근 (서울시립산업대학 농업기술연구소) ;
  • 황영수 (서울시립산업대학 농업기술연구소)
  • Received : 1975.01.10
  • Published : 1975.03.20

Abstract

In order to gain information on the plant characteristics of high yielding paddy from the point of view of mineral nutrition and to learn more about soil conditions under which high yields are produced a number of soil samples collected from the field experiment carried out in The City College of Seoul were analysed. In addition, a laboratory experiment carried out to support the field experiment was also analysed. Results obtained are as follows: 1. Generally, the higher the yield of paddy, the higher is the potassium content in flag leaves, whereas the reverse is true for the content of Ca and Mg in the leaves. From these facts it can conceivably be said that the high yielding paddy should absorb a large quantity of potassium and a lesser quantity of calcium and magnesium in the reproductive stage. 2. Leaves of paddy which produced yields over 600kg/10a (a comparatively high yield in the experiment) contained 30-35mg/100g of potassium, less than 25me/100g of calcium, and 10me/100g of magnesium which brings the ratio of $K/{\sqrt{Ca+Mg}}$ over 5. 3. Correlation studies indicated a remarkable relationship between the paddy yield and exchangeable potassium in soil samples taken after harvesting. A similar relationship was observed between the yield of paddy and $K/{\sqrt{Cae+Mge}}$ ratio of the soil samples. 4. A regression between yield of padcy (Y) and exchangeable potassium (Ke) or $K/{\sqrt{Ca+Mg}}$ in soil samples taken after harvesting was shown to be; Y=183.95+2135.86Ke $$Y=352.45+3114.454\;K/{\sqrt{Ca+Mg}}$$ 5. The regression between exchangeable potassium (Ke) in soil samples taken after harvesting and the amount of lime (L) and potassium (P) to be applied is; $$Ke=0.1246+0.00007037L+0.004444P+0.000004444L{\cdot}P$$.

무기영양면(無機營養面)(여기에서는 수확시(收穫時)의 지엽중(止葉中)의 K, Ca, Mg)에서 다수확(多收穫)벼의 소질(素質)을 밝히고 동(同)벼를 만드다데 필요(必要)한 토양조건(土壤條件)을 살피고저 각(各) 3수준(水準)의 석회(石灰), 인산(燐酸), 가리(加里)를 조합(組合) 실시(實施)한 시험(試驗)에서 지엽(止葉)과 시험후(試驗後) 토양(土壤)을 채취분석(採取分析)하는 외(外)에 시험전(試驗前) 토양(土壤)을 가지고 실내시험(室內試驗)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 일반(一般)으로 다수확(多收穫)벼일수록 지엽중(止葉中)에 K가 많고 Ca, Mg 가 적었다. 이 결과(結果)에 의(依)하여 보면 다수확(多收穫)벼는 생식생장기(生殖生長期)에가서 K를 많이, Ca와 Mg 을 적게 흡수(吸收)해야 하는것 같다. 2. 10a 당(當) 600kg 의 정조(正租) (본(本)시험(試驗)에서는 비교적(比敎的) 많은 함량(含量)임)를 생산하는 벼의 지엽(止葉)(무수물(無水物))중(中)에는 K함량(含量)이 $30{\sim}35m{\cdot}e/100g$, Ca 함량(含量)이 $25m{\cdot}e/100g$ 이하(以下), Mg 함량(含量)이 $10m{\cdot}e/100g$ 이하(以下)이었으며 $K/{\sqrt{Ca+Mg}}$ 비율(比率)은 5 또는 그 이상(以上)이었다. 3. 시험후(試驗後) 토양(土壤)의 치환성가량(置換性加量)(Ke) 또는 치환성(置換性)K와 ${\sqrt{Ca+Mg}}$ 비(比) 즉 $K/{\sqrt{Ca+Mg}}$와 정조수량간(正組收量間)에 높은 정상관(正相關) 관계(關係)가 있다. 4. 정상수량(正相收量)(Y)과 시험후(試驗後) 토양(土壤)의 치환성(置換性) 가리(加里)(Ke) 및 $K/{\sqrt{Ca+Mg}}$ 비(比)의 회귀관계(回歸關係)는 다음과 같다. Y=183.95+2135.86 Ke $$Y=352.45+3114.454\;K/{\sqrt{Ca+Mg}}$$ 5. 시험후(試驗後) 토양(土壤)의 치환성가리(置換性加里) (Ke) 와 석회(石灰)(L) 및 가리(加里)(P)의 시용량간(施用量間)의 회귀관계(回歸關係)는 하기식(下記式)과 같다. $$Ke=0.1246+0.00007037L+0.004444P+0.000004444L{\cdot}P$$.

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