Survey on the General Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Apple Orchard Soils

사과원토양(園土壤)의 일반이화학적성질(一般理化學的性質)에 관(關)한 조사연구(調査硏究)

  • Accepted : 1973.07.25
  • Published : 1973.12.20

Abstract

General physical and chemical characteristics of eleven apple orchard soils derived from granite, granodiorite, diorite, arkose sandstone and shale were investigated in relation to soil profile. The results are summerized as follows: 1. Soils were mostly sandy and showed pH 4.35 to 6.75, 1.14 to 5.58 of organic matter, 0.065 to 0.209% of nitrogen. All properties decreased with depth. 2. Total exchangeable bases of surface soils were comparablly low (4.89 to 17.81me/100g, Ca>Mg>K>Na). Cation exchange capacity ranged from 7.74 to 21.72 mg/100g and base saturation percentage from 22.52 to 94.62%. 3. Phosphorus content of surface soil was very low (less than 35.5 mg/100g). The contents of potassium (7.2-79.2 mg/100g), available copper (1.0-16.9 ppm) and water soluble boron (0.18-0.72 ppm) were high in surface soil but low with depth. The content of manganese showed clear difference with pH, that is, at pH 4 to 6 water soluble manganese ranged from 0.42 to 17.8 ppm and exchangeable manganese from 9.82 to 66.38 ppm but above pH 6 the water soluble was less than 0.70 ppm and the exchangeable less than 22.25 ppm.

화강암(花崗岩), 화강섬녹암(花崗閃綠岩), 섬녹암(閃綠岩), Arkose 질사암(質砂岩) 및 Tertiary 혈암(頁岩)등에 유래(由來)된 사과원(園) 11개처(個處)에서 층위별(層位別)로 토양(土壤)을 채취(採取)하여 그 리화학적성질(理化學的性質)을 조사한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 일반적(一般的)으로 토성(土性)은 사질(砂質)이고 pH($H_2O$)는 4.35~6.75로서 약산성(弱酸性) 내지(乃至) 중성(中性)이고, 표토(表土)의 부식함량(腐植含量)은 1.14~5.58%, 질소(窒素)는 0.065~0.209%이나 하층(下層)으로 내려갈수록 감소(減少)하고 있다. 2. 표토(表土)의 치환성염기함량(置換性鹽基含量)은 4.89~17.81me/100g로서 비교적(比較的) 적고(Ca>Mg>K>Na). 염기치환용량(鹽基置換容量)은 7.74~21.72me/100g 범위(範圍)이며 염기포화도(鹽基飽和度)는 22.52~94.62% 범위이다. 3. 표토(表土)의 인산(燐酸)은 35.5mg/100g 이하(以下)로서 매우 적고, 가리(加里)(79.2~7.2mg/100g), 유효태동 (有效態銅 )(1.0~16.9ppm), 수용성붕소(水溶性硼素)(0.18~0.72ppm) 등은 표토(表土)에 많고 하층(下層)으로 내려갈수록 감소(減少)되었으며 망간은 pH 에 따라 그 함량(含量)의 차이(差異)를 볼 수 있었든바 pH 4~6에서는 수용성(水溶性)망간이 0.42~17.8ppm. 치환성(置換性)망간이 9.82~66.83ppm이나 PH 6이상(以上) 되는 곳에서는 수용성(水溶性)망간이 0.70ppm 이하(以下), 그리고 치환성(置換性)망간이 22.25ppm 이하(以下)로서 현저히 적었다.

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