A Study on the Composition and Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Some Agricultural Waste Products

농산폐기물(農産廢棄物)의 성분분석(成分分析) 및 효소분해(酵素分解)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)

For the purpose of utilizing agricultural waste products for animal feeds, chemical analysis of some important agricultural wastes in Korea and enzymatic hydrolysis of rice hull were undertaken and summarized as follows: 1) Rice hull and straws of rice, barley and wheat were analyzed for their proximate principles and carbohydrate composition. 2) A strain of Aspergillus niger was selected as having the highest productivity of rice hull decomposing activity among many species of molds. The optimum conditions for the culture on washed wheat bran were. 3 days of culture period, 55% moisture content and neutral pH and one hour was proper for the extraction of enzymes. 3) The extent of hydrolysis of xylan and rice hull by a crude enzyme preparation from this strain was 63% and 7%, respectively, and the optimum pH for its activity was 4.0 and 4.5, respectively. 4) Enzymatic hydrolysis of rice hull was generally suppressed by gamma-ray irradiation ($0.5{\sim}5\;Mrad$, in dry state), but the effect was less by irradiation in wet state.

주요(主要)한 농산폐기물(農産廢棄物)의 사료적(飼料的) 이용(利用)을 위하여 그들의 성분분석(成分分析)을 실시하였고, 왕겨의 효소적(酵素的) 가수분해(加水分解)를 시도하여 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1) 왕겨, 볏짚, 보리짚, 밀짚의 일반성분(一般成分)과 탄수화물(炭水化物) 조성(組成)을 분석(分析)하였다. 2) 왕겨 분해효소(分解酵素) 생산균주(生産菌株)로서 Aspergillus niger를 선정하였고 이를 수세(水洗)밀기울에 배양할 때의 최적조건(最適條件)은 배양일수(培養日數) 3일, 철수량(撤水量) 55%, 철수(撤水) pH는 중성(中性)이었으며 효소추출(酵素抽出)시간은 1시간 정도가 적당하였다. 3) Aspergillus niger에서 생산(生産)한 조효소제(粗酵素劑)의 xylan가수분해율(加水分解率)은 63%, 왕겨 가수분해율(加水分解率)은 7%이었고, 작용(作用) 최적(最適) pH는 xylan 4.0, 왕겨 4.5이었다. 4) 왕겨의 효소분해(酵素分解)는 감마선 조사(照射) $0.5{\sim}5Mrad$에 의하여 풍건상태에서는 일반적으로 억제되었으나 수화상태(水和狀態)에서는 선량(線量)이 높아짐에 따라 그 효과(效果)가 적었다.