추낙답수도(秋落沓水稻)에 대(對)한 규산(珪酸)의 증수효과(增收效果)

Increased yielding effect of silica on rice grown on Akiochi soil

1. 규산시용(珪酸施用)으로 수도(水稻)의 출수(出穗)가 수경(水耕)과 추낙답(秋落畓)에서 공(共)히 약(約) 일주일(一週日)이 빨렀고 수도(水稻)의 엽(葉)은 현저히 직립(直立)되였다. 2. 규산시용(珪酸施用)으로 수도(水稻)의 규산함량(珪酸含量)이 증가(增加)하며 추낙답(秋落畓)에서는 규산(珪酸)을 박비(迫肥)보다 기비(基肥)로 시용(施用)하는 것이 수도(水稻)의 규산함량(珪酸含量)을 증가(增加)시켰다. 규산시용(珪酸施用)으로 다른 양분(養分)의 함량(含量)은 감소(減少)되는 경향(傾向)이며 특(特)히 추락도(秋落稻)의 Fe 함량(含量)은 현저히 감소(減少)되었다. 3. 수도(水稻)의 규산함량(珪酸含量)과 엽도열병(葉稻熱病), 호마엽고병(胡麻葉枯病), 응애 및 멸구의 저항성(抵抗性)과는 부(負)의 상관(相關)이 있다. 4. 수도(水稻)에 대(對)한 규산(珪酸)의 증수효과(增收效果)는 수경(水耕)에서는 거의 없으나 추낙답(秋落畓)에서는 현저하다. 추낙답(秋落畓)에 대(對)한 규산(珪酸)의 증수효과(增收效果)는 pot 재배(栽培)보다 포장(圃場)에서 더 현저하다. 규산시용(珪酸施用)으로 추낙도(秋落稻)의 수당입수(穗當粒數)와 등숙률(登熟率)이 높아지고 규산(珪酸)의 비효(肥效)는 질소(窒素)와 가리(加里)의 균형시비(均衡施肥)로 증가(增加)한다. 5. 따라서 규산(珪酸)은 수도(水稻)에 대(對)한 필수원소(必須元素)라기보다 추낙답(秋落畓)과 같이 가급태규산함량(可給態珪酸含量)이 적은 토양(土壤)에서는 수도(水稻)의 건전생육(健全生育)을 위(爲)하여 농경학적(農耕學的) 의미(意味)에서 규산(珪酸)의 공급(供給)이 필요(必要)하다고 생각(生覺)된다.

1. Rice plant grown with silica had more elect leaves and heading was one week earlier with silica than without silica grown in both water culture and Akiochi soil. 2. Silica content of rice plant was apparently increased by silica application and the increase insilica was more increased by bassal application of silica than top dressing. The content of other eements in plant decreased with silica application and the trend was most noticeable in iron. 3. Rice plant low in silica were more susceptible to reaf blast, Helminthosporium, mites and smaller brown plant hopper. 4. There was no significant effect of silica on increasing the dry matter production of rice plant grown on water culture, but silica remarkerbly increased the dry matter production of rice plant grown on Akiochi soil. The increasing effect of silica on rice grown on Akiochi fields was more noticeable than that of grown on Pots. 5. In rice plant grown on Akiochi soil, number of spikelets and percentage of ripened grains were increased by application of silica. The silica effects can be increased by application of well balanced nitrogen and potassium ratio. 6. From these results, it can be concluded that silica seems to have no direct effect on rice growth, but application of silica to Akiochi soil associated with low silica supply may be critical for healthy growth of rice plant, and silica directly related to rice agronomy.