Studies on the seeding systems and varieties adapted to mechanization in barley and wheat culture

맥류 기계화 적응재배 양식과 적응품종의 생태에 관한 연구

To research the seeding systems and the varieties adapted to mechanization in barley and wheat culture in Korea, the studies were carried out from October, 1969 to June, 1970 at Suwon. In these studies, six kinds of seeding systems of drilling and dibbling that seems to adapted to mechanization were tested as compared with the customary seeding system, furrowing moderately or widely, using three varieties of barley, Suwon ＃18, Barsoy and Buhufng, and three varieties of wheat, Wonkwang, Yucseung ＃3 and Yeungkwang, under the two fertilizer levels of standard and double. The summarize results gained were as follows; 1. Buhung seemed to be the most suitable variety in barley as it yielded the most and matured early and grew the safest. Barsoy suffered from winter injury. 2. Yeungkwang seemed to be the most suitable variety in wheat as it yielded the most and produced the largest grain ani grew the safest, however it matured late. Wonkwang suffered heavily from lodging injury. 3. More yield were produced and there were no increase of cultural dangers except lodging in double fertilizer level. 4. Seeding system of drilling and dibbling seems to be able to put in practice safely under the double fertilizer level when lodging resistant varieties are selected. 5. Rate of yields increase in comparison with the customary seeding system of moderate furrowing were 16 percent in drilling of 20 centimeter spacing, 13 percent in wide furrowing and 12 percent in dibbling of 20 ${\times}$ 12 centimeter spacing in barley and also 9 percent in wide furrowing, 8 percent in dibbling of 20 ${\times}$ 12 centimeter spacing and 7 percent in drilling of 20 centimeter spacing in wheat. 6. The most important cause of above yields increase seems to be the increase of spike number per unit area. 7. Yields increase by drilling as compared with furrowing was not caused by higher rate of seeding. 8. The plants matured a bit earlier by drilling and dibbling. 9. Better stands of seedling were fount in dibbling due to the promotion of germination by tramping. 10. An increase of yields will be expected by decreasing the spacing in drilling and dibbling.

맥류의 기계화적응재배로서 드릴파와 점파를 품종과 비료수준을 달리하여 실행의 보통재배 및 광파재배와 비교시험한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 대맥의 최적품종은 안전 다수 조숙인 당여이고, Barsoy는 내동성이 약하였다. 2. 소맥의 최적품종은 영광으로서 안전 다수 대립이나 성숙이 늦다. 원광은 도복이 심하였다. 3. 배비는 보통비보다 다수이고 도복이 약간 조장된 이외에는 재배적위험성도 없었다. 4. 내동 내도복성품종을 취택하면 배비조건에서도 드릴파나 점파가 안전하다. 5. 보통재배에 대한 증수율은 대맥에서는 20cm간격의 드릴파 16%, 광파 13%, 20${\times}$12cm의 점파가 12%였고, 소맥에서는 광파 9%, 20 ${\times}$ 13 cm의 점파 8%, 20cm 간격의 드릴파 7%였다. 6. 이들의 증수원인으로서는 수수의 증대가 가장 뚜렷하다. 7. 파종량의 증대는 드릴파 증수의 주인으로 되지 않은 것 같다. 8. 점파나 드릴파는 성숙을 다소 조장하는 경향이 있다. 9. 점파재배는 파종작업중의 필연적인 답압에 의하여 소맥에서 발아를 조장하는 효과가 있었다. 10. 드릴파나 점파에서는 좀더 밀식함으로서 더욱 증수할 여지가 있을 것 같다.