A Study on the Rice Protein (Fractionation of the Protein of Korean Rice by Paper Electrophoresis)

쌀단백질(蛋白質)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究) (여지전기영동법(濾紙電氣泳動法)에 의(依)한 쌀단백질(蛋白質)의 획분(劃分))

In order to fractionate the rice protein employing paper electrophoresis, 9 subjects of Korean rice and one Indica type, Pin Galw 50 were examined, the results were as follows. 1. Polished rice protein was separated into albumin, globulin, prolamine, and oryzenin. The amount of these fractions was determined by Kjeldahl method showing respectively 0.26%, 0.65%, 0.41%, and 5.01% in average. Albumin was extracted with deionized water, globulin with 10% NaCl, prolamine with 70% ethanol, and oryzenin with 0.05N-NaOH. 2. Albumin was extracted with deionized water and dialyzed by a cellophan tube. The supernatant was submitted to paper electrophoresis using phosphate buffer (pH 7.6, ${\mu}$ 0.18). Albumin was identified as monocomponent in all of 10 varieties under study. Globulin was extracted and dialyzed to remove the albumin. The precipitates were resolved in 10% saline solution and examined by paper electrophoresis. The globulin consists of two components in phosphate buffer(pH 7.6, ${\mu}$ 0.18) Any subject, regardless the origin, appears to contain globulin I and globulin II. Prolamine was extracted with 70% ethanol, dialayzed against deionized water, resolved with ethanol, and analyzed by Paper electrophoresis. It was proved as one component in the 70% alcoholic buffer(pH 9.0, ${\mu}$=0.0095). On the contrary, paper electrophoresis with oryzenin demonstrated two or three components in Sorensen's buffer(pH 13.0, ${\mu}$ 0.11). Yookoo 132, Dungpan 5, Kwansan, and Jaekun contain oryzenin I, oryzenin II, and oryzenin III. On the other hand, Paldal, Jinheung, Sukwang, Eunbangzu, Damakum, and Pin Galw 56 contain only oryzenin II, and oryzenin III. On the basis of these analyses a discussion of the differences between the protein fractions of 10 varieties was presented. 3. Globulin I varied from 0.22% to 0.46% (aver. 0.35%) in the amount, globulin II from 0.21 to 0.44%(aver. 0.32%), oryzenin I from 0.17% to 0.44%(aver. 0.3%), oryzenin II from 1.59% to 2.88%(aver. 2.23%), and oryzenin III from 2.02% to 3.57%(aver. 2.66%).

한국산(韓國産) 벼 9 품종(品種) (Japonica type)과 Indica type인 1품종(品種)을 대상으로하여 각(各) Protein fraction을 정량(定量)하고 여지전기영동(濾紙電氣泳動)으로 protein의 fraction을 행하여 다음의 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1. 각시료(各試料)에서 albumin은 distilled water로 추출(抽出)하고 globulin은 10% Nacl로, prolamine은 70% ethanol로 oryzenin은 0.05N-NaOH로 추출(抽出)하여 정량(定量)한 결과(結果) albumin은 0.26%, globulin은 0.65%, prolamine은 0.41%, oryzenin은 5.01%이었으며 albumin은 모든 시료(試料)에 대해서 거의 비슷하였고 globulin은 조생종(早生種), 중생종(中生種), 만생종(晩生種)의 차례로 증가하였으며 prolamine은 조생종(早生種)과 만생종(晩生種)이 거의 비슷하고 중생종(中生種)이 낮으며 oryzenin은 중생종(中生種), 만생종(晩生種), 조생종(早生種)의 순서로 증가(增加)된 경향을 보여주었다. 2. 10개 품종(品種)에 대해 albumin과 globulin은 phosphate buffer (pH 7.6, ${\mu}$ 0.18) , prolamine은 70% alcoholic buffer(pH 9.0, ${\mu}$=0.0095), orzenin은 Sorensen's buffer을 사용하여 여지전기영동(濾紙電氣泳動)을 행한 결과(結果)로서, albumin과 prolamin은 각시료(各試料)에서 모두 1 component였으며 globulin은 globunlin I, globunlin II의 두 component로 분리(分離)되었고 oryzenin은 시료(試料) 육우(陸羽) 132호(號), 등판(藤坂) 5호(號), 관산(關山) 재건(再建)에서는 oryzenin I, oryzenin II, oryzenin III의 3 component를 분리(分離)하였고 팔달(八達), 진흥(振興), 서광(瑞光), 은방주(銀坊主), 다마금(多摩錦), Pin Galw56의 6시료(試料)에서는 oryzenin II, oryzenin III의 2 component만 분리(分離)하였다. 3. 각(各) fraction을 여지전기영동(濾紙電氣泳動)하여 각(各) component의 농도곡선(濃度曲線)에 의해 함량(含量)을 구(求)한 결과(結果) albumin 0.26%, globulin I, 0.35%, globulin II, 0.32%, prolamin, 0.41%, oryzenin I, 0.30%, oryzenin II, 2.23%, oryzenin III, 2.66%이었다.