종이변색균류의 배양적 특성 및 화학적 방법에 의한 변색제거

Cultural characteristics of fungal species associated with deterioration or foxing of paper and chemical removal

The annals of Joseon dynasty, especially the volumes of King SeJong(1418-1450 A.D.), were heavily deteriorated by fungi. Investigations on the deteriorating and foxing fungi were carried out. Fungal structures on the beeswax, which were coated on the both side of Han-Ji, were suspected to be involved in the deterioration, and were observed by SEM. Isolation and culturing of these fungi were tried by scrubing swab samples and placing on the artificial media. Culture-independent approaches were used to identify the fungal strains associated with damages of beeswax and foxing of the paper by the analyses based on DNA sequences data from the specific ITS region of rDNA regions. In addition, well-known paper staining fungi(PSF), i.e., Aspergillus terreus var. terreus, Fusarium oxysporum, Chaetomium globosum, Cladosporium cladosporioides, and Alternaria solani, were compared in the mycelial growth and stain on beeswax and papers under different environmental conditions (temperature, light, moisture, etc). Fungal strains isolated from the air samples in the storage room and shelves were identified as Irpex sp., Arthrinium sacchari, Cladosporium tenuissimum, Aspergillus sclerotiorum, Sistotrema brinkmannii, and Hypoxylon bovei var. microsporum The isolated strains were compared in growth and stain patterns on beeswax and papers(Han-Ji, Hwa-Ji, and Yang-Ji) whether these can cause damage or foxing on the annals or not.