Optimization of UHF RFID Tag Antennas Using a Genetic Algorithm

An UHF ($860{\sim}960MHz$) RFID tag antenna is optimized and designed using a genetic algorithm (GA). The tag antenna impedance should be matched to the conjugate of the impedance of the tag IC Chip. The chip impedance has real and capacitive imaginary parts due to the parasitic capacitance of the RFID chip. A GA linked with a commercially available antenna simulation program optimizes the UHF $860{\sim}960\;MHz$ tag antenna to match a commercially available RFID chip. This method shows that any RFID antenna can be designed for any commercial RFID chip with any impedance.