계분의 퇴비화 과정중 이화학적 성상 변화가 지렁이 생존에 미치는 영향

Effects of the Utilization of Sawdust During Composting of Poultry Manure on Physico-Chemical Characteristics and Earthworm

본 연구는 계분에 톱밥을 0(A), 20(B), 30(C), 40(D) 및 50(E)의 수준으로 혼합하여 부숙기간별 이화학적 변화를 측정하고 이를 바탕으로 생존율을 조사하여 가축분의 효율적인 vermicomposting의 기초자료로 이용하고자 실시하였다. 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 부숙이 경과함에 따라 지렁이가 생존하기 시작하여 6주부터 톱밥을 50%로 혼합한 E구와 7주째부터 D와 C구(톱밥 30${\sim}$40%)에서 지렁이의 생존이 가능하였다. 처리구별 탄질비는 톱밥 혼합구(B, C, D and E)가 순수 계분구 보다 유의하게 높았다. 지렁이가 생존하기 시작한 6주${\sim}$7주째의 탄질비는 16.9${\sim}$20.7로 나타났다. 톱밥을 수준별로 혼합한 계분의 pH 변화는 부숙이 경과함에 따라 점차 낮아지는 경향을 보였으며 지렁이가 생존하기 시작한 pH는 7.69${\sim}$7.79으로 나타났다. 전기 전도도(EC)는 처리구간에서 순수 계분구가 가장 높았으며 지렁이가 생존하기 시작한 Ec는 2.77${\sim}$2.87mS/cm으로 나타났다.

This study was conducted to investigate effects of different ratios of sawdust to poultry manure as an earthworm feed on the change of physico-chemical characteristics and earthworm viability during composting, and further to provide the basic information for an efficient vermicomposting using the manure of livestock. Experimental earthworm used in this study was Eisenia foetida and the ratio of sawdust and poultry was determined to 100:0(A), 80:20(B), 70:30(C), 60:40(D) and 50:50(E) on the basis of volume. The results are summarized as follows. Earthworm appeared after 6 wk of aging period, and it was possible for the earthworm to survive in treatments of C. D and E including 30 $^{\sim}$ 50% of sawdust. C/N ratio was significantly higher (P<0.05) in treatments of sawdust mixture (B, C, D, and E) than poultry manure alone (A treatment).Appropriate C/N ratio for earthworm survival was the range of 16.9 to20.7. During period of aging, pH value and electrolyticconductivity (EC) were the highest in the treatment of poultry manure alone. However, as the inclusion of sawdust was increased, pH showed decreasing tendency. Appropriate pH and EC for earthworm survival were 7.69 to 7.79, and 2.77 to 2.87mS/cm, respectively. The results from this study indicated that the mixing of poultry manure with sawdust more improved physico-chemical environment for earthworm growth in comparison with poultry manure alone, and sawdust showed the sufficient possibilityas a bulking agent for an efficient vermicomposting of poultry manure.