The System Dynamics Model for Assessment of Organizational and Human Factor in Nuclear Power Plant

시스템 다이나믹스를 활용한 원전 조직 및 인적인자 평가

The intent of this study is to develop system dynamics model for assessment of organizational and human factors in nuclear power plant which can contribute to secure the nuclear safety. Previous studies are classified into two major approaches. One is engineering approach such as ergonomics and probability safety assessment(PSA). The other is social science approach such like sociology, organization theory and psychology. Both have contributed to find organization and human factors and to present guideline to lessen human error in NPP. But, since these methodologies assume that relationship among factors is independent they don't explain the interactions among factors or variables in NPP. To overcome these limits, we have developed system dynamics model which can show cause and effect among factors and quantify organizational and human factors. The model we developed is composed of 16 functions of job process in nuclear power, and shows interactions among various factors which affects employees' productivity and job quality. Handling variables such like degree of leadership, adjustment of number of employee, and workload in each department, users can simulate various situations in nuclear power plant in the organization side. Through simulation, user can get insight to improve safety in plants and to find managerial tools in the organization and human side. Analyzing pattern of variables, users can get knowledge of their organization structure, and understand stands of other departments or employees. Ultimately they can build learning organization to secure optimal safety in nuclear power plant.

경제 활동의 근간이 되는 에너지 공급원으로서의 원자력 발전소는 그 경제적 성과의 중요성뿐만 아니라 안전성을 확보하는 것도 매우 중요하다. <그림 1>에서 볼 수 있듯이 원전의 안전성은 하드웨어(hardware) 개선을 포함한 공학적 성능과 조직 및 인적 관리 요소에 대한 부분이 상호 작용하는 시스템 구조를 갖음에도 불구하고, 원전의 경제성과 안전성을 확보하기 위한 조직 및 인적 관리분야에 대한 연구는 기술분야에 비해 상대적으로 소홀히 취급된 경향이 있다.(중략)