Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference (한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집)

Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry (한국펄프종이공학회)
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Surface Analysis of Papers Treated with N-chloro-polyacrylamide Using X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy: Mechanism of Wet Strength Development

  • Chen Shaoping (Faculty of Chemistry, Fujian Normal University, China) ;
  • Wu Zonghua (Institute of Polymer Science, Fujian Normal University, China) ;
  • Tanaka Hiroo (Department of Forest Products, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Japan)
  • Published : 1999.04.01

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Abstract

The surfaces of sheets added with N-chloro-polyacrylamide (N-Cl-PAM) are analyzed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to clarify the chemical bonding involved in the paper strength development induced by N-Cl-PAM. The comparison of the observed N1s chemical shift of the sheet with those of the paper strength additives and the model compound, 1-butyryl-3-propyl urea, illustrated the presence of covalent bonds of alkyl acyl urea and urethane on the fiber surfaces. Thus the formation of the covalent bonds by N-Cl-PAM themselves and by N-Cl-PAM with cellulose and hemicellulose may be an explanation for much higher effectiveness of N-Cl-PAM on the improvement of wet strength of paper than A-PAM.

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