한국식물학회:학술대회논문집 (Proceedings of the Botanical Society of Korea Conference)
- 한국식물학회 1987년도 식물생명공학 심포지움 논문집 Proceedings of Symposia on Plant Biotechnology
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- Pages.19-49
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- 1987
식물 유전자의 구조와 특성
Molecular Characterization of Plant Genes
초록
Recent development of recombinant DNA techniques such as gene cloning and DNA sequencing has led to understanding of genetic information coded on plant genes and their application to crop improvements. Nuclear genes so far isolated and characterized at the molecular level from various plants are those involved mainly in photosynthesis, nitrogen fixation, seed development and defensive responses to environmental stresses. Most of plant genes contain intervening sequences (introns) flanked with GT and AG, as it typical of animal genes. The 5' flanking regions of plant gene revealed the presence of promoter elements such as TATAAA and CCAAT, which have been identified at animal genes to be involved in transcrip- tion initiation. The 3' untranslated regions include a sequence similar to AATAAA whcih functions as a polyadenylation signal in other eukaryotic genes. Furthermore, enhancer-type sequences were found at the 5' flanking regions of various plant genes. This indicates that the structure of plant genes is very similar to animal genes and mechanisms governing the synthesis and processing of mRNAs may be identical in higher eukaryotes. However, genes expression studies involving transformation revealed their differ ences within plants and between plant and animal systems.
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